Canine dental pulp stem cell-derived exosomes: Proteomic characterization and first xenogeneic application for post-castration wound healing in cats
ABSTRACT Background and Aim: Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes (MSC-Exos) have emerged as promising cell-free therapeutics because they retain the regenerative and immunomodulatory properties of their parent cells while minimizing the risks associated with cell transplantation. Canine dental pulp stem cell-derived...