Open-source one-dimensional modelling of piston-effect pressure waves in high-speed railway tunnels: verification, benchmarking against 3D CFD and single-train design-load screening
The piston effect of a high-speed train passing through a tunnel produces pressure transients that drive tunnel cross-section design and impose loads on rolling stock and equipment. This paper verifies an open-source one-dimensional solver for these transients and defines the limits of its predictive capability....