PDF-to-HTML Layout-Preserving Machine Translation for Multilingual Open Education Resources: Addressing Character Density Expansion Across Languages
Open Educational Resources (OER) are widely promoted as a mechanism for democratizing knowledge, yet, global OER ecosystems are heavily skewed toward English language content. This imbalance has been formally recognized through the 2012 Paris OER Declaration, the 2017 Ljubljana OER Action Plan, and the 2019 UNESCO Reco...