Green and Sustainable Anaerobic Digestion of Waste Activated Sludge Through Integrated Primary and Secondary Pretreatment Balancing Solubilization, Biodegradability, and Energy Performance
Acid–thermal pretreatment can enhance anaerobic digestion (AD) of waste activated sludge (WAS), but its value depends on balancing methane recovery against additional energy demand. This study evaluated primary pretreatment (PP) of raw WAS and secondary pretreatment (SP) of anaerobically digested sludge in single- and...