Open access
Sep 2026
Cytokines and chemokines in plasma as markers reflecting immunophenotype of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
Cancer immunophenotypes—immune desert (ID), immune excluded (IE), and immune inflamed (II)—reflect intratumoral immune activity and correlate with immunotherapy efficacy. Serological methods for non-invasive immunophenotyping would be clinically valuable for selecting therapies. We measured plasma concentrations of cyt...
Susumu Suzuki, Hideaki Ito, Ikuko Okubo et al.
· Human Cell · 0 citations