Machine learning with SMOTE-NC on routine hematology parameters for early identification of Hb E trait
Background: The hemoglobin E (Hb E) trait, which is highly prevalent in Southeast Asia and may co-occur with α-thalassemia, often exhibits heterogeneous complete blood count profiles; notably, some individuals with the Hb E trait have near-normal MCV and MCH values, increasing the risk of misclassification during routi...