Fast Prospective Motion Correction for MRI Based on Electromagnetic Induction Coils with Low Footprint and In-place Calibration.
OBJECTIVE The objective of this work is to develop an electromagnetic induction coil (EMIC)-based motion tracking system with low footprint and in-place calibration, enabling high-temporal-resolution prospective motion correction (PMC) for short-TR MRI sequences. METHOD We designed an MR-visible EMIC that supports in-place calibration and flexible distribution of the coils. To demonstrate the benefits of improved temporal resolution with EMIC, EMIC and fat navigator (FatNav)-based PMC were performed for 2D phase contrast MRI (PC-MRI) under similar motion conditions. RESULTS EMIC increased the temporal resolution of motion tracking by 10 times compared to FatNav and demonstrated high sensitivity to small motions, with random errors in the range of 0.06-0.12 mm for translation and 0.075-$0.078^{\circ }$ for rotation. EMIC-based PMC significantly improved image quality for PC-MRI compared with both no PMC and FatNav-based PMC. CONCLUSION By providing higher temporal resolution motion tracking than FatNav, EMIC achieved superior PMC performance in 2D PC-MRI and significantly improved image quality. SIGNIFICANCE The developed MR-visible EMIC eliminated the need for sensor calibration in advance and improved patient comfort and RF coil compatibility, enabling more effective PMC with improved image quality.