Open access
Jul 2026
A practical tool for economical design of I-shaped steel beams: development and application for parametric study
Steel beams are efficient structural elements widely used in industrial buildings due to their remarkable strength and ductility characteristics. Despite numerous studies exploring the optimization of steel beam for cost-effective designs, the utilization of optimization within the construction industry remains rare. T...
Rizwan Azam, M. R. Riaz, Rana Muhammad Junaid et al.
· Discover Civil Engineering · 0 citations