Open access
Sep 2026
Air Jet Impingement Baking of Bread: Heat–Mass Transfer Dynamics and Process Optimization
ABSTRACT Air jet impingement baking is a high‐intensity convective heating technology that enhances heat transfer efficiency by reducing thermal boundary layer resistance at the product surface. This study investigated the application of air jet impingement to bread baking, a volumetric food system with complex heat an...
Özgül Altay, Özge Filiz, Gönül Çavuşoğlu et al.
· Journal of Food Science · 0 citations