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Utsav Maskey

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#natural language process... Mar 2026

Over-Refusal and Representation Subspaces: A Mechanistic Analysis of Task-Conditioned Refusal in Aligned LLMs

It is shown that harmful-refusal directions are task-agnostic and can be captured by a single global vector, whereas over-refusal directions are task-dependent: they reside within the benign task-representation clusters, vary across tasks, and span a higher-dimensional subspace.

Utsav Maskey, M. Dras, Usman Naseem · arXiv.org · 2 citations