Metaheuristic-optimized CatBoost models for flexural capacity prediction of reinforced UHPC beams: robustness assessment and SHAP interpretation
Predicting the flexural capacity of reinforced ultra-high-performance concrete (UHPC) beams remains challenging due to the nonlinear interactions among longitudinal reinforcement, sectional geometry, material strength, and fiber-related parameters. This study proposes an explainable metaheuristic-enhanced CatBoost fram...