Review
Open access
Jul 2026
Types I, II, V, and VI secretion system genes in clinical uropathogenic Escherichia coli associate with antibiotic susceptibility, biofilm formation, and persister cells
A type VI secretion system marker (hcp) was associated with higher survival during ciprofloxacin exposure in strong-biofilm isolates, linking virulence-associated machinery with biofilm-associated persistence.
Paulina Soból, Weronika Kęsek, Maja Kirzyc et al.
· Microbiology spectrum · 0 citations