Evaluating Out-of-Distribution Robustness in Graph-Based Android Malware Classification: A New Principled Benchmark
A semantic enrichment framework that extends raw graph topology with function-level attributes, combining lightweight metadata with LLM-based code embeddings is proposed, with which classification performs better under distribution shift compared to model-based approaches, and consistently further enhances robustness w...
Ngoc N. Tran, Anwar Said, Waseem Abbas et al.
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