Spectral extremal graphs for $W_5$-free graphs with odd size
For a fixed integer $k\ge 2$, let $W_{2k+1}=K_1\vee C_{2k}$ be an odd wheel graph. The fixed-size spectral extremal problem aims to determine \[ \operatorname{spex}(m,W_{2k+1}):=\max\{\rho(G): e(G)=m,\ G \text{ is } W_{2k+1}\text{-free}\}, \] where $\rho(G)$ denotes the adjacency spectral radius. Based on this problem,...