Xue-Bing Zhang

Global Dynamics of Population–Toxin Systems with Nonlocal Usage of Memory Under Periodic Boundary Conditions

We study a reaction–diffusion model for population–toxin interactions on a two-dimensional torus, where avoidance is driven by a nonlocal average of toxin-related memory. The variables represent population density, toxin concentration, and a phenomenological information field generated by population–toxin encounters. T...