Heat-Input-Dependent CGHAZ Microstructural Evolution and Impact Toughness of Two X65 Seamless Pipeline Steels with Different Composition–Microstructure Characteristics
This study comparatively investigates the coarse-grained heat-affected zone (CGHAZ) responses of two industrial X65 seamless pipeline steels with distinct composition–microstructure characteristics under simulated girth-welding thermal cycles. One steel exhibits a predominantly bainitic initial microstructure, whereas...