Environmental Trade-Offs and Optimal Strategy of Hydrotalcite, Biochar, and Lactopeptide Use in a Cucumber Straw Compost-to-Field System: A Cradle-to-Grave Life-Cycle Assessment
Facility cucumber cultivation generates large quantities of straw residues in China, and composting represents a dominant recycling strategy for these organic wastes. However, conventional composting is accompanied by considerable greenhouse-gas emissions, severe nitrogen losses, and extra environmental burdens. Exogen...