Genetic diversity of pepper genotypes in the municipality of Floriano - PI
ABSTRACT The genetic diversity of germplasm collections must be characterized to conserve and use the genetic resources of Capsicum spp. efficiently. Evaluation of this germplasm allows superior genotypes to be selected for breeding programs. In this context, the objective of this study was to characterize and estimate the genetic diversity among Capsicum spp. genotypes in Floriano, Piauí, Brazil, using multivariate analyses. Thirteen genotypes were evaluated in a completely randomized design with three replicates and one plant per plot. Thirteen qualitative traits and 13 quantitative traits were assessed. Significant differences were detected among genotypes for all quantitative traits evaluated, indicating genetic variability among the accessions studied. According to Scott-Knott mean grouping, plant height formed nine distinct classes, whereas stem diameter had the fewest groups, with only three classes. The combined analysis of quantitative and qualitative traits was effective for determining genetic divergence among pepper genotypes. The genotypes GENZ3, GEN28, and GEN37 produced fruits with potential for fresh consumption or sauce processing. The genotypes GEN38, GEN40, GEN75, and GEN77 had traits consistent with ornamental use. These findings provide information for Capsicum breeding programs focused on fresh-market and ornamental uses.