Coupling Water-Ice Phase Transition DEM to Characterize Freeze-Thaw ITZ Damage in Cold Recycled Mixtures
Cold recycled mixtures with bitumen emulsion (CRME) serving in seasonally frozen regions are susceptible to mechanical deterioration under repeated freeze-thaw (F-T) cycles, which is primarily manifested as interfacial damage and crack propagation. However, the micro-mechanical processes associated with the transmissio...