Review
Open access
Sep 2026
Heterogeneity in cancer: molecular mechanisms and therapeutic strategies
Cancer heterogeneity drives therapeutic failure, resistance, and relapse and encompasses variation across genetic, cellular, tissue, organ, and systemic scales. Existing frameworks define malignant capabilities and tumor–microenvironment interactions but less explicitly address how heterogeneity propagates across scale...
Yong-Lin He, Liang Niu, Yan-Ming Ren et al.
· Signal Transduction and Targ... · 0 citations