Perioperative esketamine-containing strategies and postoperative neurocognitive outcomes in older surgical patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials with certainty assessment
Postoperative delirium (POD) is a common neurocognitive complication after surgery in older adults and is associated with adverse clinical outcomes. Esketamine, the S-enantiomer of ketamine and an N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist with established analgesic effects and potential anti-inflammatory properti...