Hydroxyapatite-based bone repair biomaterials based on clinical heterogeneity: modification strategies, performance regulation, and personalized repair pathways
The repair of bone defects represents a major clinical challenge in orthopedics, oral and maxillofacial surgery, and trauma surgery. The heterogeneity of their etiology, anatomical sites, local microenvironments, and patients’ systemic conditions imposes diverse and sometimes contradictory performance requirements on r...