From Planning Blueprints to Implementation: Governance Challenges of Transit-Oriented Development—An Empirical Study of Xiamen Metro Line 1
The widening gap between planning blueprints and actual implementation outcomes in transit-oriented development (TOD) has become a critical concern in China’s rail transit expansion. Using Xiamen Metro Line 1 as a case study, this paper develops a three-tiered spatial framework (corridor, planning district, and station...