Molecular Mechanisms and Mitigation Strategies of Cadmium Accumulation in Rice for Food Safety.
Cadmium (Cd) contamination of rice (Oryza sativa L.) grains remains a major food safety concern. Although mechanisms of Cd uptake, sequestration, transport, and grain allocation have been widely studied, important gaps remain. Overexpression of OsHMA3 can reduce grain Cd accumulation by 94-98%, whereas OsNRAMP5 disrupt...