Norepinephrine modulates the microglial response and protects against MPTP-induced Parkinson's disease pathology through regulation of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway.
AIMS Norepinephrine (NE) deficiency is an early and prominent feature of Parkinson's disease (PD), but its specific contributions to pathogenesis have not been fully elucidated. This study aims to determine whether NE exerts neuroprotective effects in PD models through the modulation of autophagy and microglial activat...