Development of a Self-Efficacy-Integrated Problem-Based Learning Model for Social Studies Instruction to Enhance the Critical Thinking Skills of Prospective Elementary School Teachers
Abstract This study aims to develop a Problem-Based Learning (PBL) model integrated with self-efficacy in Social Studies education to enhance the critical thinking skills of prospective elementary school teachers. The study is motivated by the demands of 21st-century education, which emphasize the mastery of crit...