Union-Find with Constant-Time Deletions Across the Optimal Worst-Case Tradeoff
We consider union-find with deletions, where the representation and the cost of a query must depend on the current number of live elements rather than on the number of elements ever created. For every integer parameter $k\ge 2$, we give a linear-space data structure supporting $\mathsf{MakeSet}$ in $O(1)$ worst-case ti...