Gut–kidney axis in IgA nephropathy: mechanisms linking microbiota dysbiosis to immune dysregulation, Gd-IgA1 generation, and renal injury
IgA nephropathy (IgAN) is the most common primary glomerulonephritis worldwide, with a particularly high prevalence in Asia, and is a leading cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD). The disease typically presents initially with hematuria and proteinuria, accompanied by progressive decline in renal function. The hallma...