Review
Open access
Sep 2026
From pathogenic to reparative: Context-Dependent function of extracellular vesicles in osteoarthritis
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a whole-joint disease characterized by progressive structural degeneration and chronic low-grade inflammation affecting the cartilage, synovium, subchondral bone, and immune compartments. It is a complex degenerative disorder associated with substantial morbidity, heterogeneous clinical trajector...
Zhen Yang, Qi-Yuan Lin, Hao Li et al.
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