Witeness Overlap: Directional Provenance Inside Open-Weight Model Families
Witness Overlap is proposed, a prompt-free, training-free white-box test for directional provenance, and on 176 LLM checkpoints from 16 families, the one-witness test orients 95.3\% of parent-child decisions using Frobenius cosine.
Si-Yuan Li, Hao-Xuan Zeng, Xin Luo et al.
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