Preprint
Sep 2026
NavSafe-$\infty$: Benchmarking Closed-Loop Driving Safety in Photorealistic Environments
End-to-end (E2E) driving policies have advanced rapidly on open-loop (OL) benchmarks, yet OL evaluation cannot reveal whether a policy can withstand compounding errors, recover from failures, or interact safely with surrounding actors. We introduce NavSafe-$\infty$, a photorealistic closed-loop (CL) benchmark comprisin...
Yu Bao, H. Ruan, Luobin Wang et al.
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