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Zi-hao Wang

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Open access Jul 2026

Molecular regulatory mechanisms of Populus deltoides under combined high temperature and short-photoperiod stress associated with DNA methylation

Populus deltoides is a key species for industrial timber and ecological construction in temperate regions, where increasingly frequent and persistent heat waves pose serious challenges to its survival. However, the epigenetic mechanisms by which DNA methylation regulates environmental responses remain poorly understood. Here, whole-genome bisulfite sequencing and RNA-seq were performed on five P. deltoides genotypes grown in temperate and tropical regions. Results revealed that CG/CHG methylation stability is closely correlated with environmental sensitivity. Significant CG/CHG methylation variations may occur specifically in sensitive genotypes with large provenance-environment differences, thereby threatening the survival of P. deltoides by inhibiting the expression of key genes involved in life processes. CHH methylation variation may act as a potential epigenetic regulator of environmental adaptation. Promoter CHH-hypermethylation appears to represent a general response of P. deltoides under high-temperature and short-photoperiod (HS) stress, potentially regulating the expression of 56 genes to activate Ca2+ influx and heat shock proteins, repressing auxin, cytokinin, and cell cycle pathways, thereby initiating stress-protective responses. PdeCNGC13, PdeARF6, PdeLOG3, and PdeHSP15.7 were identified as potential regulatory genes of HS adaptation that are associated with DNA methylation. The mechanism of PdeLOG3 may involve HS-induced CHH-hypermethylation at its PdeLOG3 promoter, which may be associated with suppressed expression, reduced dihydrozeatin levels, and growth. This effect was partially reversed by 5-Azacytidine administration, accompanying increased cytokinin synthesis, enhanced antioxidant capacity, and coinciding with alleviation of HS stress. Our work preliminarily reveals the molecular mechanisms underlying DNA methylation-associated environmental adaptation in poplar, providing potential genetic targets for breeding climate-resilient trees.

Zhengsai Yuan, Weixi Zhang, Xiaohua Su et al. · 0 citations
Preprint Aug 2026

LocAnyMed: Vision-Language Grounding for Multimodal Medical Images

Medical visual grounding connects free-form clinical queries to spatial evidence in medical images and is an important component of interpretable medical artificial intelligence. However, general-purpose grounding models are predominantly trained on natural images, while existing medical localization resources remain fragmented across imaging modalities, datasets, and task formulations. To address this gap, we construct LocAnyMed-200K, a multimodal medical visual grounding dataset containing approximately 200K image-query-answer examples across computed tomography, optical medical imaging, ultrasound, and X-ray. We harmonize heterogeneous detection and localization resources into a unified free-form instruction format that supports one or multiple bounding boxes, point coordinates, and no-target outputs for negative queries. Full-parameter fine-tuning of LocateAnything-3B on LocAnyMed-200K improves F1@IoU 0.50 from 10.64 to 85.59 on a held-out evaluation split, demonstrating that large-scale domain-specific supervision can equip a general grounding model with effective medical localization capabilities. Beyond spatial coordinates, a clinically interpretable grounding system should also communicate the evidence supporting its prediction. We therefore derive LocAnyMed-CoT-20K, a rationale-augmented subset that connects anatomical context, visual observations, and spatial conclusions through structured reasoning and further improves cross-source generalization through fine-tuning. Together, these resources provide a unified foundation for studying both localization accuracy and rationale quality across heterogeneous medical imaging modalities. The code is publicly available at https://github.com/MiliLab/LocAnyMed.

Zi-hao Wang, Tong Liu, Zhiwei Wang et al. · 0 citations