Relational Heroism of Kartini in Historical Biopic Film Narratives
This article examines the construction of Kartini's heroism in three Indonesian historical biopics: R.A. Kartini (1982), Surat Cinta untuk Kartini (2016), and Kartini (2017). It departs from the premise that historical films do not merely reproduce the past, but reorganize collective memory through selection, dramatiza...