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artificial intelligence

20,463 papers

#artificial intelligence Preprint May 2025

ShIOEnv: A Command Evaluation Environment for Grammar-Constrained Synthesis and Execution Behavior Modeling

This work introduces ShIOEnv, a Gymnasium-compatible Bash environment for synthesizing execution-annotated shell input traces and introduces grammar-constrained synthesis to generate syntactically valid arguments with high input irreducibility, which is estimated through self-ablative contrasts of execution artifacts.

Jarrod Ragsdale, R. Boppana · 1 citation
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

MAVOS-DD: Multilingual Audio-Video Open-Set Deepfake Detection Benchmark

We present the first large-scale open-set benchmark for multilingual audio-video deepfake detection. Our dataset comprises nearly 350 hours of real and fake videos across eight languages, with 59% of data being generated. For each language, the fake videos are generated with several distinct audio and video deepfake ge...

Florinel-Alin Croitoru, Vlad Hondru, Marius Popescu et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

DetoxAI: a Python Toolkit for Debiasing Deep Learning Models in Computer Vision

While machine learning fairness has made significant progress in recent years, most existing solutions focus on tabular data and are poorly suited for vision-based classification tasks, which rely heavily on deep learning. To bridge this gap, we introduce DetoxAI, an open-source Python library for improving fairness in...

Ignacy St\k{e}pka, Lukasz Sztukiewicz, Micha{\l} Wili\'nski et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Risk-Aware Alignment Must Incorporate Reward Uncertainty

We consider the problem of policy optimization with noisy rewards, where the policy is constrained to be in the neighborhood of a reference policy.We study the risk of the policy optimization process, defined to be the chance of obtaining a policy worse off than the reference policy. In an idealized multivariate Gaussi...

Debangshu Banerjee, Kintan Saha, Aditya Gopalan · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Oct 2026

Parallelizable Probabilistic Latent Reasoning for Diverse Reasoning Trajectories

Language models relying on verbalized Chain-of-Thought (CoT) are constrained to token-by-token generation in the language space, where many tokens serve textual coherence rather than core reasoning. This entangles genuine differences in logical trajectories with superficial variations in verbalization. Moving reasoning...

Seokhyun Lee, Seongjun Lee, Changhee Lee · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

SDS-LoRA: Overcoming Anisotropic Gradient Scaling in Low-Rank Adaptation

Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) enables efficient adaptation of large pretrained models to downstream tasks by parameterizing weight updates with low-rank matrices. In this paper, we investigate the limitations of the LoRA parameterization from a geometric perspective. Specifically, we show that when a full fine-tuning grad...

Junghun Oh, Sungyong Baik, Kyoung Mu Lee · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Behavioral Consistency in Machine Learning

A trained model is usually described by its weights, as if the weights fixed its behavior. In practice the same weights are run by different programs. Training uses high-precision accumulation and fixed tensor shapes, while serving uses low-precision arithmetic, fused attention kernels, a paged key-value cache, and dyn...

Lan Wu, Bruce Changlong Xu · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Rethinking Molecular Text Representations for LLMs: An Empirical Study

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used for molecular tasks, but it remains unclear which molecular representation to use. We present a systematic benchmark, MolRepBench, to evaluate LLM molecular competence across nine representations and eight chemical tasks. We benchmark 16 LLMs across five model families...

Arun Raja, Garrett M. Morris, Kian Ming A. Chai · 0 citations

Semantic Optimal Transport for Sparse Autoencoder Feature Matching and Circuit Compression

This work introduces a distributional framework for SAE analyses, in which each feature is represented not by a single decoder vector like in the literature, but by an activation-weighted distribution over the hidden states that express it, and provides a unified semantic metric for cross-layer feature comparison.

T. M. Cao, D. Nguyen, My T. Thai · 2 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint May 2026

When Should LLMs Reason? Adaptive Inference Routing via Entropy Dynamics

The proposed EDRM (Entropy Dynamics-based Reasoning Manifold), a lightweight routing framework whose default heuristic requires no router training, supports selective reasoning based on early decoding signals and demonstrates the potential of entropy-based control for efficient LLM inference.

Wei Xia, Haoqing Wang, Zhi-Hong Deng et al. · 2 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Learning Unbiased Permutations via Flow Matching

Learning permutations is fundamental to sorting, ranking, and matching, but existing differentiable methods based on entropy-regularized Sinkhorn produce a single softened solution and collapse under ambiguity. We present PermFlow, a conditional flow matching framework that operates directly on the affine subspace of m...

Yimeng Min, Carla P. Gomes · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Manifold Sampling via Entropy Maximization

Sampling from constrained distributions has a wide range of applications, including in Bayesian optimization and robotics. Prior work establishes convergence and feasibility guarantees for constrained sampling, but assumes that the feasible set is connected. However, in practice, the feasible set often decomposes into...

Cornelius V. Braun, Tilman Burghoff, Marc Toussaint · 0 citations

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