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artificial intelligence

20,463 papers

#artificial intelligence Preprint Oct 2026

Prism Attention: Proposal-Refined Index Sharing Mechanism for Efficient LLMs Inference

Long-context decoding in large language models (LLMs) is increasingly bottlenecked by the memory and computation required to attend over an ever-growing Key-Value (KV) cache at each autoregressive step. Although token-level sparse attention reduces this burden by restricting computation to a small subset of relevant pa...

Zhen-Xu Tian, Ke-Bin Liu, Zheng-Wu Yang et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Uncertainty-Aware Budget Allocation for Efficient LLM Tree Search

Tree search enhances multi-step reasoning in large language models (LLMs), yet prevailing methods expand every step with a fixed budget, irrespective of the marginal utility of expansion. We first show, across existing search algorithms, that continuations sampled from a shared intermediate state are largely duplicates...

Jianguo Huang, Zhiyi Lyu, Fuxiang Zhang et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

The Reliance Hypothesis: Chain-of-Thought Faithfulness Rises as Language Resource Level Falls

Chain-of-Thought (CoT) faithfulness matters for monitoring, explaining and safely deploying large language models, yet it has been studied mostly in English. Languages differ in level, the amount of text available to learn from, so models know less in lower-resource languages, which may change how much they rely on the...

Lucas Resck, Jingyi Sun, Qianli Wang et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Oct 2026

Prune the Leaky Neurons: Mitigating Private Data Leakage in Fine-Tuned LLMs via Joint-Embedding-Guided Pruning

JEPA-Prune is proposed, a post-hoc neuron pruning framework guided by a model trained exclusively on PII-free views, which trains a public model on surrogate and masked views of the same records using a joint-embedding predictive architecture (JEPA), capturing domain knowledge without identifiers.

M. Shaaban, Mohamed Elmahallawy · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Self-Evolving Coding Agents via Harness-Policy Optimization

Large language model (LLM) agents have shown promising potential in coding tasks, and their performance is jointly determined by the policy model and the harness that mediates their interaction with the environment. Indeed, harness and policy are mutually reinforcing and evolving only one component is suboptimal---a ha...

Zhepei Wei, Wenlin Yao, Baolin Peng et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

ARBOR: Locating Reasoning Failures in Long Chains of Thought through Reasoning State Tracking

Large reasoning models solve complex problems through long chains of thought, in which prior work has documented failure modes such as overthinking, underthinking, and unsupported deductions. Existing methods detect these failures from local signals: textual similarity to nearby steps, switch tokens, or an LLM's judgme...

Huihan Li, Siyuan Wang, Naga Vamsi Ramana Dinavahi et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Explore Separately, Adopt Selectively: Execution-Guided Tool Use over Large Tool Libraries

Large language model agents must discover relevant tools from large libraries, e.g., thousands of tools, as new needs arise during task execution. When several candidates could satisfy the same need, execution may be required to identify the relevant one. Investigating candidates in a shared trajectory can leave altern...

Anna Mazhar, Seiji Maekawa, Nikita Bhutani · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Measuring Mechanistic Uncertainty in Large Language Models via Causal Robustness

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used in critical domains, where their susceptibility to hallucinations makes reliable and interpretable uncertainty quantification essential. We introduce the concept of mechanistic uncertainty, which characterizes uncertainty through the stability of the internal mechanism...

Aneesh Komanduri, Majid Afshar, Timothy A. Miller et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Oct 2026

ToMStories: Interpreting Theory-of-Mind in Synthetic Narratives

Understanding people often requires inferring what they feel or want from how they behave rather than from what they state outright. We ask whether language models can make these inferences, and how they do so. We introduce Theory-of-Mind Stories (ToMStories), an evaluation dataset of ~6,000 short synthetically generat...

Melanie Subbiah, Chia-En Jacklyn Tsai, Kathleen McKeown · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Oct 2026

A Plausible Explanation Is Enough to Mislead Multimodal Judges

JUPE, a visual-question-answering (VQA)-style benchmark that fixes answers while varying explanations is introduced, finding a significant mean shift in decision criterion toward acceptance, without a clear change in mean discriminability.

Ang-Lin Cai, Zhi-Qi Wang, Xiao-Zhi Yang et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Mitigating Demographic Disparities in Explanation-Human Alignment via Rationale Regularization

We study explanation fairness in hate speech detection. High classification performance does not always mean that a model produces equally plausible explanations for different demographic groups. Using the HateXplain dataset, we introduce Plausibility-EFG, a metric that measures the largest difference in explanation pl...

Suryansh Talukdar (Purdue University Fort Wayne), Taha Sarwat (Purdue University Fort Wayne), Jonathan Rusert (Purdue University Fort Wayne) · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Oct 2026

AuditKIT: A Unified Evaluation Spine for Benchmarking, Judging, and Comparing Large Language Models and Agentic Systems

Evaluating language models and agents requires combining benchmark accuracy, judge-based assessment, runtime performance, tool-use behavior, and retrieval quality. Differences in interfaces, metric semantics, and trace formats complicate these comparisons and can hide failures in agentic workflows. We present AuditKIT,...

Shreeyans Arora, Utsav Avaiya, Zera Lyngkhoi et al. · 0 citations

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Hugging Face Blog Nov 10, 2026

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