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artificial intelligence

20,463 papers

#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

KACE: Knowledge-Adaptive Context Engineering for Mathematical Reasoning

Context-engineering methods improve a frozen language model by learning text from execution feedback and placing it in the prompt. When one learned prompt carries everything that was learned, irrelevant lessons compete with relevant ones, and the system can keep only what fits in that prompt. We present Knowledge-Adapt...

Jayant Parashar, Suchendra M. Bhandarkar · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Harness-Bench: Evaluating Agent Harnesses across Models and Realistic Workflows

LLM agents are increasingly deployed as executable systems that use tools, modify workspaces, and produce concrete artifacts. In such workflows, performance depends not only on the base model, but also on the harness: the system layer that manages context, tools, state, constraints, permissions, tracing, and recovery....

Yilun Yao, Xinyu Tan, Chao-Hsuan Liu et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

PathCal: State-Aware Reflection-Marker Calibration for Efficient Reasoning

Large Reasoning Language Models (LRMs) tackle complex tasks through test-time scaling, generating long-form Chain-of-Thought (CoT) trajectories during inference. These trajectories contain reflection markers such as wait, but, and alternatively, accompanying hesitation, revision, and alternative explorations. Recent te...

Lingyu Jiang, Zirui Li, Lingyu Xu et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Adapting the Interface, Not the Model: Runtime Harness Adaptation for Deterministic LLM Agents

LLM agents are shaped not only by their language models, but also by the runtime harness that mediates observation, tool use, action execution, feedback interpretation, and trajectory control. While existing agent adaptation methods mainly update model parameters, many failures in deterministic, rule-governed domains s...

Tianshi Xu, Huifeng Wen, Meng Li · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Prospective multi-pathogen disease forecasting using autonomous LLM-guided tree search

Probabilistic forecasting of infectious diseases is crucial for public health monitoring and preparedness but has historically relied on labor-intensive manual model curation by expert modeling teams. Bespoke development is an obstacle to scaling models to granular geographic resolutions or emerging pathogens. Here, we...

Sarah Martinson, Michael P. Brenner, Martyna Plomecka et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

PREPING: Zero-Task Agent Memory Construction via Self-Practice

Agent memory is typically constructed either offline from curated demonstrations or online from post-deployment interactions. However, regardless of how it is built, an agent faces a cold-start gap when first introduced to a new environment without any task-specific experience available. In this paper, we study pre-tas...

Yumin Choi, Sangwoo Park, Minki Kang et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Self-Programmed Execution for Language-Model Agents

At the heart of a language model agent is an orchestrator program which is responsible for the state transition between consecutive turns. In existing systems, this program is implemented in the harness. This paper introduces self-programmed execution (SPE), in which the model completion is itself the orchestrator prog...

Luke J. O'Connor · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Language models recognize dropout and Gaussian noise applied to their activations

We provide evidence that language models can detect, localize and, to a degree, verbalize the difference between a-semantic perturbations applied to their activations. More precisely, we either (a) apply dropout or (b) add Gaussian noise to them, at a target sentence. We then ask a multiple-choice question such as "Whi...

Damiano Fornasiere, Mirko Bronzi, Spencer Kitts et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Towards Better Aligned LLM Judges for Radiology Report Evaluation across Modalities and Anatomies

Current work on radiology report evaluation has focused primarily on LLM-based metrics for chest X-rays (CXR), leaving open whether such approaches remain robust across other modalities and anatomies, and which model and prompt configurations are best suited to serve as LLM judges. We present a comprehensive evaluation...

Federica Bologna, Jean-Philippe Corbeil, Matthew Wilkens et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

JEPA-DNA: Grounding Genomic Foundation Models through Joint-Embedding Predictive Architectures

Genomic Foundation Models (GFMs) typically rely on Masked Language Modeling (MLM) or Next-Token Prediction (NTP) to learn the "Laws of Nature". While effective at capturing local syntax, these generative paradigms prioritize token-level reconstruction over high-level functional context. We introduce JEPA-DNA, a model-a...

Ariel Larey, Elay Dahan, Amit Bleiweiss et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Agent Skill Framework: Perspectives on the Potential of Small to Medium Language Models in Industrial Environments

Skills are getting increasingly used in recent agentic frameworks, performing robustly with proprietary LLMs. Yet, their effectiveness for small and medium-sized open-source models (270M--80B) remains underexplored, especially under industrial, resource-constrained conditions. As such, we present a large-scale empirica...

Yangjie Xu, Lujun Li, Lama Sleem et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

ChaosBench-Logic: A Benchmark for Logical and Symbolic Reasoning on Chaotic Dynamical Systems

Large language models (LLMs) excel at natural language tasks but remain brittle in domains requiring precise logical and symbolic reasoning. Chaotic dynamical systems provide an especially demanding test because chaos is deterministic yet often misinterpreted as randomness or complexity. We introduce ChaosBench-Logic,...

Noel Thomas · 0 citations

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