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artificial intelligence

20,463 papers

#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

HARP: Efficient Data Selection for Finetuning Large Language Models

Finetuning data selection requires balancing two competing goals: selecting examples that improve the downstream objective, and doing so without repeatedly finetuning models. Train-free selectors are scalable but rely on proxies such as embedding similarity or clustering, which may not match the target objective. Train...

Ning Wang, Zhengxin Zhang, Maosen Tang et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

When and Why Adversarial Training Improves PINNs: A Neural Tangent Kernel Perspective

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) are powerful surrogates for differential equations but are notoriously difficult to train due to spectral bias, stiffness, and poor accuracy on high-frequency or multiscale solutions. Adversarial training based on generative adversarial networks (GANs) has recently gained surpri...

Yuan-dong Cao, Chi Chiu SO, Jun-Min Wang et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

GQLA: Group-Query Latent Attention for Hardware-Adaptive Decoding

Decoding efficiency depends on KV-cache traffic, computation, and parallelism. Multi-head Latent Attention (MLA) offers absorbed and head-expanded forms, but its head-specific projections limit grouped KV sharing. We introduce Group-Query Latent Attention (GQLA), whose group-shared up-projections preserve a joint laten...

Fanxu Meng, Zhixin Pan · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Learning, Fast and Slow: Towards LLMs That Adapt Continually

Large language models (LLMs) are trained for downstream tasks by updating their parameters (e.g., via RL). However, updating model parameters forces them to absorb task-specific information, which can result in catastrophic forgetting and loss of plasticity. In contrast, in-context learning with fixed LLM parameters ca...

Rishabh Tiwari, Kusha Sareen, Lakshya A Agrawal et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

LEAP: Unlocking dLLM Parallelism via Lookahead Early-Convergence Token Detection

Diffusion Language Models (dLLMs) have garnered significant attention for their potential in highly parallel processing. The parallel capabilities of existing dLLMs stem from the assumption of conditional independence at high confidence levels, which ensures negligible discrepancy between the marginal and joint distrib...

Haohui Zhang, Zhiye Wang, Xiaoying Gan et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

NePPO: Near-Potential Policy Optimization for General-Sum Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning

Multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) is increasingly used to design learning-enabled agents that interact in shared environments. However, training MARL algorithms in general-sum games remains challenging: learning dynamics can become unstable, and convergence guarantees typically hold only in restricted settings...

Addison Kalanther, Sanika Bharvirkar, Shankar Sastry et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Parameter-Efficient Temporal Domain Generalization

Temporal domain generalization (TDG) learns from a sequence of observed domains to predict models for unseen future domains. Existing parameter-dynamics methods become prohibitively expensive at modern backbone scales because their temporal encoders and generators operate on the entire adapted parameter state. Replacin...

Zekun Cai, Xinyuan Song, Yiheng Yao et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Deep Time-series Forecasting Needs Kernelized Moment Balancing

Deep time-series forecasting can be formulated as a distribution balancing problem aimed at aligning the distribution of the forecasts and ground truths. According to Imbens' criterion, balancing two distributions requires that their first moments be identical with respect to any balancing function. We demonstrate that...

Licheng Pan, Haocheng Yang, Shuting He et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

SWE-Spot: Building Small Repo-Experts with Repository-Centric Learning

The deployment of coding agents in privacy-sensitive and resource-constrained environments drives the demand for capable open-weight Small Language Models (SLMs). However, they suffer from a fundamental capability gap: unlike frontier large models, they lack the inference-time strong generalization to handle complicate...

Jinjun Peng, Magnus Saebo, Tianjun Zhong et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Context Value Informed In-Context Reinforcement Learning

In-context reinforcement learning (ICRL) has emerged as an effective paradigm for test time adaptation to unseen tasks without parameter updates. However, existing ICRL methods can exhibit brittle and unstable adaptions, and the mechanisms underlying such adaptions remain poorly understood. We provide a policy-gradient...

Wenhao Zhang, Shao Zhang, Xihuai Wang et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

The Invisible Leash: Why RLVR May or May Not Escape Its Origin

Recent advances highlight Reinforcement Learning with Verifiable Rewards (RLVR) as a promising approach to enhancing LLM capabilities. However, it remains unclear whether the current practice of RLVR truly expands models' reasoning boundary or mainly amplifies high-reward outputs that base models already know. We intro...

Fang Wu, Weihao Xuan, Danny Xing et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Rule-based and reinforcement-learning policies for resource allocation in a pediatric echo lab: a simulation study

Scheduling echocardiographic examinations in a hospital setting presents significant challenges due to non-deterministic factors such as patient no-shows, variable arrival times, and heterogeneous exam durations, as well as asymmetric resource constraints between fetal and non-fetal patient streams. Fetal cases involve...

Bozhi Sun, Seda Tierney, Jeffrey A. Feinstein et al. · 0 citations

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