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computer vision

3,740 papers

#artificial intelligence Preprint Oct 2026

BrainTRACE: Tracing Longitudinal, Multimodal, and Volumetric Evidence in Brain MRI Clinical Reasoning

Brain MRI interpretation is a longitudinal clinical reasoning problem: radiologists compare serial studies, integrate information across MRI sequences, localize findings within volumetric anatomy, and translate this evidence into report-grounded assessments. Existing medical VQA and 3D imaging benchmarks capture import...

Qi-Zhen Lan, Meng-Chen Fan, Hang Zhang et al. · 2 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Oct 2026

Harmful Content Generation in Text-to-Image Models: Capabilities and Moderation Limitations

Text-to-image generative models can produce highly realistic imagery but also raise concerns about harmful misuse. While safety mechanisms exist, systematic evaluations of their effectiveness against realistic attacks remain limited. We present a systematic evaluation of harmful content generation across five open text...

Paschalis Giakoumoglou, Manos Schinas, Symeon Papadopoulos · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Topology-Informed Prompt-Conditioned Universal Segmentation of Uterine Structures from Ultrasound and MRI

Multi-structure segmentation of the uterus is important for computer-assisted screening, diagnosis, and treatment planning of uterine diseases, where ultrasound and MRI provide complementary clinical information. However, developing a unified model across these modalities is challenging due to their substantially diffe...

Yongheng Sun, Yuexi Gu, Jingwen Sun et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Toward Reliable Infant Pose Estimation: A Training-Dynamics Approach to Noisy Annotation Detection

Spontaneous movement analysis in preterm infants relies increasingly on markerless pose estimation (PE) to derive clinically relevant motion biomarkers directly from video recordings. Training accurate infant PE models requires large sets of manually annotated keypoints, and human annotation is inherently prone to erro...

Emanuele Cardinale, Sara Moccia, Alessandro Cacciatore et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

SpatialChain: A Benchmark for Auditing Spatial Reasoning Faithfulness in VLMs

Thinking-enabled vision-language models (VLMs) report ever-higher accuracy on spatial benchmarks, yet final-answer scores cannot reveal whether a correct prediction reflects faithful spatial reasoning or a linguistic shortcut. We introduce SpatialChain, a dataset of 28,350 training and 899 test examples pairing spatial...

Rafael Teixeira Sousa, Vin\'icius Paulo Lopes de Oliveira, Elisa Ayumi Masasi de Oliveira et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Oct 2026

MeSD: Multi-Evidence Self-Distillation for VideoLLM

While reinforcement learning with verifiable rewards provides reliable outcome supervision for VideoLLMs, sequence-level rewards offer limited token-level guidance. On-policy self-distillation addresses this limitation by conditioning a self-teacher on privileged information to provide dense token-level supervision. Ho...

Wei-Jie Zhu, Han Fang, Han-Yun Fu et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Wiring Matters: Injection Topology and Initialization of Affordance Heads in Vision-Language-Action Policies

Dense affordance supervision is an appealing auxiliary signal for vision-language-action (VLA) policies, yet naively co-training an affordance head can severely damage instruction following. We present a controlled study of how to wire such a head into a modern VLA on the LIBERO benchmark. Our recipe reads the backbone...

Zijian An, Linhan Wang, Jiayan Wang et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

CentriQ: Calibration-Free Quantization of Diffusion Transformers via Exact Mean Centering

Diffusion transformers (DiTs) achieve state-of-the-art image generation, but their sampling cost limits deployment. Quantizing both weights and activations to 4 bits reduces this cost, yet existing methods fall short in one of two ways. Calibration-based methods are tied to a specific checkpoint and prompt distribution...

Nata\v{s}a Jovanovi\'c, Mathieu Salzmann, Saqib Javed · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Oct 2026

Joint Class-Time Learning for Video Classification with Multi-Instance Partial-Label Learning

Multi-instance partial-label learning (MIPL) addresses inexact supervision in both the instance and label spaces, which can be applied to video classification. However, bag-level labels do not explicitly supervise the correspondence between candidate classes and temporal evidence. We propose {\ours}, which couples labe...

Ling-Yu Shen, Wei Tang, Fakhri Karray et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Vision Transformer Ensembles for Panoramic Street Segmentation

Semantic segmentation of street panoramas can support detailed descriptions of urban environments, yet small datasets and unequal training costs make model selection difficult. This paper presents the system used for a first place submission to the PalmCity challenge in the leaderboard snapshot dated 5 October 2026. Ni...

Yunus Serhat B{\i}\c{c}ak\c{c}{\i} · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Oct 2026

ROT: Rotating Hidden States towards Contextual Vectors for Hallucination Mitigation in LVLMs

Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) frequently suffer from object hallucination. Existing training-free interventions primarily manipulate attention weights, which indirectly affect the deep semantics reaching the final predictive layers. In this work, we shift our focus to the hidden state vectors extracted after sel...

Yi-Jin Du, Xiang-Cheng Zhan, Shuo Yang · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Oct 2026

Local2Mesh: Spatially Localized Contour-to-Mesh for Left Ventricular Reconstruction from Sparse 2D Cardiac MRI

Three-dimensional (3D) left ventricular (LV) reconstruction from sparse cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging remains challenging due to inter-slice misalignment and insufficient local spatial information between slices. Global aggregation of contour features may obscure local contour-to-surface relationships. We pr...

Hao-Yu Wu, Ling Lin, Pascal Lefèvre et al. · 0 citations

From tech blogs

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MIT News · Artificial Intelligence Oct 28, 2026

Making machines that can listen

Professor Paris Smaragdis develops computers with superhuman hearing for applications like speech recognition, music understanding, and environmental monitoring.

Microsoft Research Blog Oct 6, 2026

What AI gets wrong and what failure teaches us

Jennifer Neville did not want to go into computer science—but that’s exactly where she landed. Neville discusses the starts and stops that led to her professional sweet spot and her work identifying “surprising failures” making it hard for AI to handle complexity.  The post What AI gets wrong and what failure teaches us appeared first on Microsoft Research.

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