diffusion models

Oracle integrity under predatory attack: a calibrated jump-diffusion model with public-data evidence and a positivity-preserving numerical scheme

Introduction Oracle-dependent DeFi protocols execute collateral valuations, liquidations, and settlements based on reported data. Methods We model oracle integrity and attack pressure as coupled positive states in a controlled jump-diffusion. Multiplicative shocks preserve the integrity state space while separating con...

Transient Propagation of a Toughness-Dominated Plane-Strain Hydraulic Fracture in a Diffusive Porous Medium

Abstract We develop a transient framework for modeling toughness-dominated plane-strain hydraulic fracture propagation in permeable formations that incorporates fully two-dimensional (2D) pore pressure diffusion. The formulation employs an impulse response approach to evaluate the leak-off volume through a diffusion ke...

Digital Marketing and Household Purchase Intention for Solar Energy Systems: Case of Uasin Gishu County, Kenya

The transition towards renewable energy increasingly depends on effective communication that can convert household awareness into purchase intention. This study examined the relationship between digital marketing and household purchase intention for solar energy systems in Uasin Gishu County, Kenya. Guided by the Theor...

Foreground-Mask-Aware Relative Highlight Guidance for Diffusion-Based Object Relighting

Robust link prediction in heterogeneous graphs via diffusion-based generative fusion and relation-aware guidance

Link prediction in heterogeneous graphs, which captures both topological and semantic information in graph structures helps the discovery of meaningful relationships. However, several fundamental challenges of link prediction remain insufficiently addressed. First, real-world data are noisy, causing existing models to...

Dual-View Graph Attention Networks with Physical Constraints for Microseismic Energy Prediction

Cortical and metabolic brain development during pubertal hormone suppression

Suppression of pubertal hormonal signaling may alter trajectories of cortical development. However, the neurobiological effects of gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists (GnRHa), including triptorelin, which are used in adolescents with gender dysphoria, remain largely unresolved. Here, we investigated how pubertal en...

Amazonian forest residues as bioenergy resources: pyrolysis behavior, kinetic triplets and model validation

Wood residues from sustainable forest management in the Amazon represent an underexploited feedstock for thermochemical conversion, yet the pyrolysis kinetics of these materials remain poorly characterized. Eleven native Amazonian species were physicochemically characterized and grouped by cluster analysis into five cl...

Anthropogenic modulation of ice-nucleating particles over the Yellow and East China Seas: Shipboard observations and single-particle analysis.

To address the scarcity of observational data on atmospheric ice-nucleating particles (INPs) over the mixed marine-continental environments of East Asia, shipboard measurements were conducted over the Yellow Sea (YS) and East China Sea (ECS) in April 2022. Aerosol samples were collected using an electrostatic collector...

Multimodal MRI of choroid plexus volume, DTI-ALPS, and white matter microstructure in type 2 diabetes mellitus

To investigate differences in choroid plexus volume (CPV), diffusion tensor image analysis along the perivascular space (DTI-ALPS) indices, peak width of skeletonized mean diffusivity (PSMD), and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) scores between patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and healthy controls,...

Barrier model selection alters apparent diclofenac permeation parameters: a controlled in vitro comparison of Strat-M® and a HaCaT-based epidermal construct

Introduction Synthetic membranes and keratinocyte-based constructs are both used as accessible alternatives to ex vivo skin in in vitro permeation testing (IVPT), but they have not been compared directly for the same marketed products under identical conditions. This pilot study directly compared the synthetic Strat-M®...

Spatially Controlled Release from Printable Microgels for Embedded Bioprinting.

Granular hydrogels composed of jammed microgels have emerged as promising biomaterials for 3D bioprinting due to their tunable viscoelastic properties and ability to incorporate bioactive molecules and encapsulate cells within the interstitial spaces between the particles. Here, we present a new strategy to achieve spa...