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18,068 papers

#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Understanding the Benefits of Scaffolds through Computational Separations

Inference-time harnesses, i.e., external procedures that call a model many times and keep state across calls, can substantially improve model capabilities. In this paper, we investigate the benefits of using such harnesses and the extent to which these benefits can be internalized through training. More precisely, we c...

Jingchu Gai, Adam Block, Andrej Risteski · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Oct 2026

ICLHerd: Herding-Based Data Selection for LLMs with In-Context Learning as a Proxy

Data selection plays a central role in modern large language model training, as the quality of training data strongly influences downstream performance. A common approach is to curate a development set that encodes the desired skills (e.g., reasoning or multilinguality) and select data that are similar to them. Existin...

Yu-Qiao Wen, Li-Li Mou · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Oct 2026

Representing short-term movement to reveal animal identity and learning progress

A self-supervised representation learning framework built on a simple hypothesis: behavioral characteristics associated with identity and learning remain relatively stable over nearby time intervals, which establishes short-term movement as an informative behavioral"fingerprint" for studying learning and individual dif...

Ping Zhang, Quang-Huy Nguyen, Ying-Tie Lei et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Ontic state recovery through prediction

We encounter a system through its responses, yet its state concerns how the system is. Predicting further responses promises knowledge beyond what is immediately observed. What that knowledge tells us about the system's state depends on what we mean by a state in the first place. We give this notion a model-relative me...

Ping Zhang, Quang-Huy Nguyen, Yingtie Lei et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Oct 2026

Reconstruction-Optimized Expert Pruning for Mixture-of-Experts Language Models

OptEP is developed, a scalable continuous relaxation that directly optimizes differentiable expert-selection variables, followed by a lightweight reconstruction-based update of the retained expert weights, demonstrating that reconstruction-driven expert selection and weight adaptation can preserve substantially more of...

Jelena Markovic-Voronov, P. Prastakos, Kayhan Behdin et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Oct 2026

Discrete Neural Interlingua for Ontology-Agnostic EHR Modeling

MEDIATOR is introduced, a discrete ontology-agnostic tokenizer that maps any clinical concept expressed as text into a shared vector-quantized codebook, turning EHR harmonization into open-vocabulary tokenization without manual mappings or a fixed vocabulary.

Tong Ding, Cai-Wei Tian, Dongmin Bang et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Review Oct 2026

Reliable Estimation of Differential Privacy under Selection Bias

Statistical privacy audits are essential for verifying the theoretical privacy guarantees of differentially private (DP) mechanisms. Auditors typically use Membership Inference Attacks (MIAs) to estimate a lower bound on the true privacy leakage of DP mechanisms at a specified confidence level, which should not exceed...

Valentin Dorseuil, Meenatchi Sundaram Muthu Selva Annamalai, Jamal Atif et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Oct 2026

Exploration via Activation-Space Steering for Reinforcement Learning with Verifiable Rewards

This work introduces Activation-Space Exploration (ASE), an online method for diversifying training rollouts that builds a structured bank of latent exploration vectors by clustering activation differences between correct and incorrect responses to the same problem.

Yu-Nan Zeng, Jin-Hao Jing, Xi Cheng et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Open access Oct 2026

HierDTA: Hierarchical Structure-Aware Representation Learning for Drug–Target Affinity Prediction

Drug–target affinity (DTA) prediction plays an important role in computer-aided drug discovery, where reliable computational models can help prioritize compound–protein pairs before experimental validation. A key challenge in DTA prediction is to effectively mine multilevel molecular information from drug structures wh...

Huang-Chao Xu, Bao-Hua Zhang, Qian Liu et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Oct 2026

CoASFL: Coupled Consistency Optimization for Asynchronous Split Federated Learning

CoASFL is proposed, an inconsistency-aware asynchronous SFL framework that incorporates a dynamic activation merging mechanism and a consistency-aware model aggregation mechanism that effectively suppresses inconsistency propagation during asynchronous training.

Jun-Hao Cheng, Yun-Ming Liao, Hong-Li Xu et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Oct 2026

Dynamic Dual-Feedback Conformal Inference for Time Series Forecasting

Quantifying uncertainty in time series forecasting is particularly demanding because sequential data exhibit temporal dependence and are prone to distributional changes. Conformal inference has emerged as a powerful uncertainty quantification approach through the construction of prediction sets. Recent advances have in...

Song-Lin Du, Ling Luo, U. Aickelin · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

SZED at ArGuard Shared Tasks: Multi-Task Label-Attention and Cross-Modal Fusion for Arabic Hateful Meme Detection

We present SZED's submission to ArGuard 2026 Track A: Arabic hateful meme detection. The task has two parts: binary classification (A1) and fine-grained multi-label tagging (A2). For A1, we fuse MARBERTv2 and CLIP ViT-L/14 embeddings, comparing concatenation, self-attention, and ensemble heads. For A2, we use a multi-t...

Selma Khelili, Zohra Abdeli · 0 citations

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Microsoft Research Blog Nov 3, 2026

Learn the rules: The hacker mindset

Research Manager Mike Walker reflects on a career spanning hacker culture, cybersecurity, and AI, sharing lessons about trust, teamwork, leadership, and why solving difficult problems requires curiosity, judgment, agility—and an understanding of the rules. The post Learn the rules: The hacker mindset appeared first on Microsoft Research.

Google DeepMind Blog Nov 3, 2026

Agentic cheminformatics with Google Antigravity

Learn how Google Antigravity and our Cheminformatics Skills accelerate drug discovery workflows, search compounds, and propose novel rigidified macrocycles.

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