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18,068 papers

#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Tight Complexity of Muon under Heavy-Tailed Noise

A growing lesson from neural network optimization is that optimizer design should respect how the model is parametrized. The layerwise input-output structure of neural networks motivates Muon and Scion, whose updates also support hyperparameter transfer. At the same time, stochastic gradient noise in deep learning is o...

Jiayu Zhang, Tianyi Lin · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Federated Language Models Under Bandwidth Budgets: Distillation Rates and Conformal Coverage

Hospitals, companies, and research consortia want language models that learn from, and answer questions over, data that must stay where it is held, over links with limited bandwidth, such as the satellite links of remote clinics and ships. Averaging the sites' model parameters makes each message grow with the model and...

Prasanjit Dubey, Xiaoming Huo · 0 citations

Overcoming Catastrophic Forgetting in Visual Continual Learning with Reinforcement Fine-Tuning

This work proposes Retention-aware Policy Optimization (RaPO), a simple yet effective RFT method that mitigates forgetting through trajectory-level reward shaping, and comprehensively evaluates RaPO across five visual continual learning settings.

Meng Lou, Hanzhong Guo, Linwei Chen et al. · 2 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

PGID: Progressive Guided Inversion and Denoising for Robust Watermark Detection

With the proliferation of AI-generated images, digital watermarking has become an essential safeguard for protecting intellectual property and mitigating malicious exploitation. Recent works on semantic watermarking have enabled efficient copyright protection for diffusion models. However, the dependence of semantic wa...

Minh Quoc Duong, Chun Tong Lei, Chun Pong Lau · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

When Does Trimming Help Conformal Prediction? A Retained-Law Diagnostic under Calibration Contamination

Trimming suspicious calibration points is a common response to contamination in conformal prediction. Its effect on clean-target coverage, however, is governed by the retained law induced by trimming, not by the contamination level alone. We analyse fixed-threshold trimming as conditioning rather than purification. It...

Congye Wang · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Towards accurate extreme event likelihoods from diffusion model climate emulators

ML climate model emulators are useful for scenario planning and adaptation, allowing for cost-efficient experimentation. Recently, the diffusion model Climate in a Bottle (cBottle) has been proposed for generation of atmospheric states compatible with boundary conditions of solar position and sea surface temperatures....

Peter Manshausen, Noah Brenowitz, Julius Berner et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

ControBench: An Interaction-Aware Benchmark for Controversial Discourse Analysis on Social Networks

Understanding how people argue across ideological divides online is important for studying political polarization, misinformation, and content moderation. Existing datasets capture only part of this problem: some preserve text but ignore interaction structure, some model structure without rich semantics, and others rep...

Ta Thanh Thuy, Jiaqi Zhu, Xuan Liu et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

A Unified Fractional Regularization Framework for Sparse Recovery

We propose a unified fractional regularization framework for sparse signal recovery based on the $\ell_1/\ell_p^q$ model. This model generalizes several widely used sparsity-promoting regularizers and provides additional flexibility through the parameters $p$ and $q$. Our main theoretical contribution is the characteri...

Yinhao Zhao, Yaohua Hu, Hao Wang · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

World-Value-Action Model: Implicit Planning for Vision-Language-Action Systems

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have emerged as a promising paradigm for building embodied agents that ground perception and language into action. However, most existing approaches rely on direct action prediction, lacking the ability to reason over long-horizon trajectories and evaluate their consequences, which l...

Runze Li, Hongyin Zhang, Junxi Jin et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Physically-Induced Atmospheric Adversarial Perturbations: Enhancing Transferability and Robustness in Remote Sensing Image Classification

Adversarial attacks pose a severe threat to the reliability of deep learning models in remote sensing (RS) image classification. Most existing methods rely on direct pixel-wise perturbations, failing to exploit the inherent atmospheric characteristics of RS imagery or survive real-world image degradations. In this pape...

Weiwei Zhuang, Wangze Xie, Qi Zhang et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

KMMMU: Evaluation of Massive Multi-discipline Multimodal Understanding in Korean Language and Context

Multimodal evaluation is strengthened when benchmarks reflect the languages, institutions, and disciplinary conventions that shape expert visual reasoning. We introduce KMMMU, a native Korean benchmark built from Korean-native examination materials. KMMMU contains 3,466 questions spanning nine disciplines and nine visu...

Nahyun Lee, Guijin Son, Hyunwoo Ko et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

MosaicMRI: A Diverse Dataset and Benchmark for Raw Musculoskeletal MRI

Deep learning underpins a wide range of applications in MRI, including reconstruction, artifact removal, and segmentation. However, progress has been driven largely by public datasets focused on brain and knee imaging, shaping how models are trained and evaluated. As a result, careful studies of the reliability of thes...

Paula Arguello, Berk Tinaz, Mohammad Shahab Sepehri et al. · 0 citations

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Microsoft Research Blog Nov 3, 2026

Learn the rules: The hacker mindset

Research Manager Mike Walker reflects on a career spanning hacker culture, cybersecurity, and AI, sharing lessons about trust, teamwork, leadership, and why solving difficult problems requires curiosity, judgment, agility—and an understanding of the rules. The post Learn the rules: The hacker mindset appeared first on Microsoft Research.

Google DeepMind Blog Nov 3, 2026

Agentic cheminformatics with Google Antigravity

Learn how Google Antigravity and our Cheminformatics Skills accelerate drug discovery workflows, search compounds, and propose novel rigidified macrocycles.

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