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18,068 papers

#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Information-Theoretic Foundations of Online Temperature Sampling

Repetitive, degenerate generation is a persistent failure of LLM decoding, and the standard remedies (temperature, nucleus, and top-$k$ sampling) are static heuristics. By Kac's lemma and the AEP, a stationary source takes time exponential in its entropy to repeat a block. We therefore maximize the entropy of the sampl...

Jin Sima, Nikolaos Papagiannis, Ananth Grama et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Oct 2026

Sparsity Saves Compute, Not Samples: Oracle Inequalities for Dense and Sparse Mixture of Experts

Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) models combine specialized experts through an input-dependent routing mechanism, and their sparse variants underpin many modern large-scale systems. Yet the statistical cost of adaptive routing remains only partially understood. We study the estimation error of least-squares MoE estimators when...

Sagar Ghosh, Huy Nguyen, Alessandro Rinaldo · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

PATTERN Can Be Solved from Memory: Generator-Aware Baselines for Synthetic Node Classification

PATTERN, a synthetic node-classification benchmark still used to rank graph networks, plants a random subgraph in a random host graph and asks which nodes belong to it. Its generator draws 100 patterns once and plants the same ones in every split, so each test graph carries a pattern that also appears in 100 training g...

Amin Najafgholizadeh, Mohsen Afsharchi · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Oct 2026

Algorithmic Fairness Over Time: Advances&Prospects

In the presence of feedback loops, algorithmic decisions at one time step can influence observed data in subsequent steps, potentially introducing selection bias or shifts in data distribution. Research has demonstrated that ignoring these effects can lead to unfairness, which may worsen over time as the model remains...

Miriam Rateike · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Oct 2026

Conformal Sequential Decision Making With Cost and Sublinear Policy Regret Guarantees

Automated decision makers, such as AI agents that control robots or network devices, must often satisfy hard cost constraints while maintaining competitive performance. In such settings, a cost measure, such as a safety violation rate, energy consumption, or a distortion level, must stay within a given budget in every...

Jayadev Naram, Giuseppe Durisi, Matteo Zecchin et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Oct 2026

Characterizing the Separability Gap in Prior-Data Fitted Networks

Prior-data fitted networks (PFNs) are transformers pretrained on simulated datasets to approximate Bayesian posterior predictive distributions. Standard PFN theory assumes a separable task prior, under which the feature distribution and the mechanism generating labels from features are independent. We show that common...

Julius Kobialka, M. Hulskamp, Thomas Nagler et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

HodgePhaseNet: Discrete Hodge Decomposition of Semantic Flows in Transformer Attention

WavePhaseNet introduced frequency-resolved semantic representations, QuantumPhaseNet introduced gauge-covariant phase connections, and ModularPhaseNet made a finite cyclic phase channel and its cycle holonomy computable in an ordinary Transformer. These constructions are complementary, yet they do not by themselves sep...

Kiyotaka Kasubuchi, Kazuo Fukiya · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Cross-Material Magnetic Core Loss Prediction via Operating-Condition Matching and Partial Optimal Transport

Cross-material magnetic core loss prediction requires adapting to new material responses with limited measurements. Global feature alignment overlooks differences in source and target excitation coverage. This motivates selecting comparable samples and controlling each source measurement's alignment contribution. This...

Cong Yao, Yu Zheng, Zehao Hou et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

HiPAD: A Unified Gait, Audio-Visual, and Personality Fusion Network for Depression Detection, with a Hierarchical Personality Ablation and the Calibration Limits of Domain-Adapted LLMs

We present HiPAD, a single fusion network submitted to all six sub-tracks of the MPDD-AVG 2026 depression-detection challenge, covering the Elder and Young cohorts and three modality sets (gait, audio-visual, and both), each combined with personality descriptions. The network encodes each available modality with a shar...

Karol Chlasta, Piotr Struzik · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Exact Phase-Type Point Processes for Certified Measurement and Prediction of Event Streams

Temporal point processes are used both to measure market mechanisms, for example how fast prices absorb news and how much of the reaction is the market responding to itself, and to predict the next event. We show that one algebraic object, the phase-type (Erlang-chain) state space, serves both purposes with exact likel...

Sayak Dutta · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Oct 2026

Compositional Average Velocity Modeling for Efficient Diffusion Offline Reinforcement Learning

Diffusion-based policies have recently emerged as a powerful paradigm for offline reinforcement learning, but their reliance on multi-step denoising introduces substantial computational overhead and requires backpropagation through time during training, limiting scalability and practical deployment. In this work, we pr...

T. Nguyen, Abu Hanif Muhammad Syarubany, Hwanhee Kim et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

BSIPipe: Bidirectional Sequence-Level Interleaved Pipeline Parallelism for Long-Sequence Large Language Model Training

Pipeline parallelism has become a critical technique for training large language models. To address the throughput limitation of existing sequence-level methods that schedule subsequences unidirectionally, we propose bidirectional sequence-level interleaved pipeline parallelism (BSIPipe), which co-schedules two opposin...

Yuzhou Ni, Ling Chen · 0 citations

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Microsoft Research Blog Nov 3, 2026

Learn the rules: The hacker mindset

Research Manager Mike Walker reflects on a career spanning hacker culture, cybersecurity, and AI, sharing lessons about trust, teamwork, leadership, and why solving difficult problems requires curiosity, judgment, agility—and an understanding of the rules. The post Learn the rules: The hacker mindset appeared first on Microsoft Research.

Google DeepMind Blog Nov 3, 2026

Agentic cheminformatics with Google Antigravity

Learn how Google Antigravity and our Cheminformatics Skills accelerate drug discovery workflows, search compounds, and propose novel rigidified macrocycles.

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