Small lesions in brain MRI are hard to segment because they occupy a tiny fraction of the volume and are dominated by background and larger lesions during voxel-wise optimization, so a model can reach a high Dice similarity coefficient (DSC) while missing many of them. We propose CATMIL, a training objective that adds...
Minh Sao Khue Luu, Evgeniy N. Pavlovskiy, Bair N. Tuchinov· 0 citations
Over-the-air computation (AirComp) broadly exploits the superposition property of wireless multiple-access channels (MACs) to compute functions of distributed data. Within this broad class, dominant conventional designs are embedding-oriented: they pre-shape transmitted signals or mitigate channel effects so that the r...
Synthetic spectral image generation is essential for remote sensing simulation and mission design, yet physically based radiative transfer models (RTMs) remain computationally expensive. Existing learning-based emulators reduce this cost, but are mostly deterministic parameter-to-spectrum regressors with limited spatia...
Chedly Ben Azizi, Claire Guilloteau, Gilles Roussel et al.· 0 citations
Generative retrieval has emerged as a powerful paradigm for LLM-based recommendation. However, industrial recommender systems often benefit from restricting the output space to a constrained subset of items based on business logic (e.g. enforcing content freshness or product category), which standard autoregressive dec...
Zhengyang Su, Isay Katsman, Yueqi Wang et al.· 0 citations
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We present a novel property-preserving kernel-based operator learning method for incompressible flows governed by the incompressible Navier--Stokes equations. Traditional numerical solvers incur significant computational costs to respect incompressibility. Operator learning offers efficient surrogate models, but curren...
Ramansh Sharma, Matthew Lowery, Houman Owhadi et al.· 0 citations
This work presents the first successful application of machine learning to perform symbolic simplification using modular identities, offering a new automated tool for computations with special functions in quantum field theory and the string theory.
Large language models (LLM) and vision-language models (VLM) have achieved state-of-the-art performance, but they impose significant memory and computing challenges in deployment. We present a novel low-rank compression framework to address this challenge. First, we upper bound the change of network loss via layer-wise...
Ryan Solgi, Parsa Madinei, Jiayi Tian et al.· 0 citations
It is shown that the port behavior of a resistor-diode network corresponds to the solution of a ReLU monotone operator equilibrium network (a neural network in the limit of infinite depth), giving a parsimonious construction of a neural network in analog hardware. We furthermore show that the gradient of such a circuit...
Persistence is often regarded as a virtue in science. In this paper, however, we challenge this conventional view by highlighting its contextual nature, particularly how persistence can become a liability during paradigm shifts. We focus on the deep learning revolution catalyzed by AlexNet in 2012. Analyzing the 20-yea...
Allocation stability is often used to justify Gaussian inference from bandit data, but when is it necessary? In this paper, we address this question for a two-armed, fixed-horizon variance-aware UCB policy with bounded reward distributions that may vary with the horizon. We find a sharp criterion in terms of the reward...
Yingying Fan, Yuxuan Han, Jinchi Lv et al.· 0 citations
This paper studies what discriminatively trained reward models (RMs) memorize by measuring counterfactual memorization on two human preference datasets. We show that RMs 1) misallocate memorization to easy, high margin preference pairs, 2) memorize dataset-specific shortcuts (e.g., model identity, user sampling strateg...
Ivo Verhoeven, Pushkar Mishra, Ekaterina Shutova· 0 citations
This work showcases that legacy paper records can be reliably democratized in any part of the world, providing a scalable decision support when digital ECG export, connectivity, or high-end compute are unavailable.
Shreyasvi Natraj, Cyrus Achtari, F. Gragnano et al.· arXiv.org· 0 citations
A machine-learning approach called CheMeleon provides a practical way to develop new drugs or other molecules with much less detailed, expensive experimentation.
Research Manager Mike Walker reflects on a career spanning hacker culture, cybersecurity, and AI, sharing lessons about trust, teamwork, leadership, and why solving difficult problems requires curiosity, judgment, agility—and an understanding of the rules. The post Learn the rules: The hacker mindset appeared first on Microsoft Research.
Learn how Google Antigravity and our Cheminformatics Skills accelerate drug discovery workflows, search compounds, and propose novel rigidified macrocycles.
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