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neuroscience

180 papers

#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Nov 2026

A minimal dynamical model of human-AI cognitive coevolution

The rapid deployment of generative AI raises the question of whether pervasive cognitive offloading drives a measurable, potentially irreversible decline in unassisted human reasoning. We examine this question with a phenomenological dynamical model based on the Cattell-Horn-Carroll distinction between fluid intelligen...

Petar Jolakoski, Dimitar Trajanov, Qiyu Sun et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Nov 2026

Curriculum unlearning in humans and neural networks

During learning, humans often benefit from curricula that teach simple rules before exceptions. However, we lack a computational explanation for this phenomenon. Here, using a canonical behavioural task and modelling with neural networks, we develop and test a theory for why simple-to-complex curricula succeed. We show...

Jirko Rubruck, Alice Zhang, Andrew Saxe et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Nov 2026

When Model Complexity Matters in Cross-Subject Naturalistic fMRI Prediction

Increasingly complex neural models predict blood-oxygen-level-dependent (BOLD) responses to naturalistic stimuli, but the predictive value of this added complexity remains unclear. We ask when pretrained stimulus representations help and how much downstream complexity is needed, with and without recent measured BOLD hi...

Junhao Zhao, Jacob Kang, Colin Kurniawan et al. · 0 citations
#neuroscience Preprint Open access Nov 2026

Explainable AI-Driven Neural Activity Analysis in Parkinsonian Rats under Electrical Stimulation

Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterized by motor dysfunction and abnormal neural oscillations. This study combined graphene-based cortical stimulation with an explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) framework to investigate spatial and frequency-related features contributing to pre- and post-stimulation classificat...

Jibum Kim, Hanseul Choi, Gaeun Kim et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Oct 2026

Latent Prediction Yields Cross-Subject Alignable Representations in Sensory-Evoked fMRI

Decoding sensory-evoked functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data is a central analytical tool in cognitive neuroscience. Here we ask whether self-supervised learning (SSL), which has been scarcely explored in this domain, can yield representations that support strong downstream performance. To do so, we adapt...

Serwan Jassim, Victoria Bosch, Daniel Anthes et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Open access Oct 2023

Inferring Inference

Normative and algorithmic theories of neural computation are integrated to present a mathematical framework for inferring canonical distributed computations from large-scale neural activity patterns and recover the latent variables, their neural representation and dynamics, and canonical message functions that govern t...

Rajkumar Vasudeva Raju, Zhe Li, Scott W. Linderman et al. · 2 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

SOMA: A Benchmark for Fine-Grained Egocentric Behavior and Body-Motion Understanding

Perceiving human body motion is critical for multimodal systems that understand and assist people. Yet current evaluations of Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) largely focus on objects, scenes, and coarse actions, leaving their ability to reason about the body itself poorly assessed. This is especially challengi...

Matea Tashkovska, Na\"el Ouerghemi, Haozhe Qi et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Oct 2026

CogArena: Benchmarking Multimodal Agents on Interactive Behavioral Experiments

It is found that finishing an experiment and reproducing its signatures are different things, and across four multimodal models, each run ten times per task, it is found that finishing an experiment and reproducing its signatures are different things.

Kiante Fernandez, Caitlin Chen, Jia-Lu Zhou et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

A Reverse-Gold Theorem: Positive-Data Identification by Substrate-Bounded Contrastive Learners

Gold's theorem shows that no learner can identify an arbitrary language in a superfinite class from positive presentations alone. We prove a positive result of a different shape. Fix an innate \emph{recursive contrast operator} $R$ mapping any string to a finite set of structurally bounded perturbations of it, and a di...

Rakesh Sengupta · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

ZENO: Nonlinear filtering with Zakai Equation Neural Operators

State inference and parameter learning for nonlinear filters is a core computation for scientific machine learning with varied applications in engineering and neuroscience. The unnormalized filtering distribution is governed by the Zakai equation, a stochastic partial differential equation (SPDE) that combines the forw...

Aaditya Prasad, Steven W. Flavell, Brian DePasquale · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Bio-Inspired Auditory Processing: Coupling Parallel Resonate-and-Fire Dynamics with Ternary Recurrent Networks for Speech Recognition

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) promise energy-efficient inference through sparse, event-driven computation, yet remain constrained on continuous, context-dependent tasks such as automatic speech recognition (ASR). A key bottleneck is the Leaky Integrate-and-Fire (LIF) neuron, whose membrane decay erases information acr...

Pavlos Poulos, Katelyn Sadorf, Themos Stafylakis et al. · 0 citations

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