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small language model

3,629 papers

The Unnoticeable Effect of Using LLMs in Computer Science Education

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used as on-demand assistants for software tasks, yet their educational value under everyday, unguided use remains uncertain. This study tests whether unrestricted LLM access improves beginners’ code comprehension. In a controlled classroom experiment, undergraduate novices...

Thomas Naprawski, Anna Pilarczyk-Naprawski, Jakub Swacha et al. · 0 citations

Contextual Effects of Emotionally Valenced Feedback Prompts on LLM Response Style: A Pilot Study

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed in interactive settings where users provide feedback in natural language, often with an emotional component. This paper examines whether such feedback is associated with systematic changes in LLM outputs. Using 42 Polish prompts across six everyday domains and 20 a...

Marina Skierkowska, Adam Kurowski, Szymon Zaporowski et al. · 0 citations

A multi-objective parameter-efficient fine-tuning method for medical Polish language automatic speech transcription systems

Efficient fine-tuning of an automatic speech recognition system is a key challenge in machine learning research. A major obstacle is accurately recognizing jargon-heavy, domain-specific speech in expert discussions, such as those among lawyers, doctors, or engineers. We propose an automated machine-learning approach th...

Adam Kurowski, Szymon Zaporowski, Bożena Kostek et al. · 0 citations

From Independent LLMs to Collaborative Networks: Implementation and Evaluation of a Multi-Agent Medical Board

Large language models (LLMs) are typically deployed as standalone systems, although many professional tasks require structured collaboration among specialists. This paper presents a proof-of-concept design and preliminary evaluation of a multi-agent LLM framework for multidisciplinary case deliberation, using a simulat...

Andrzej Czyżewski, Maciej Szczodrak, Marta Zielonka · 0 citations
#small language model Review Open access Sep 2026

Forecasting sports outcomes through machine learning

Patterns indicate that data access, task design, and validation quality matter as much as algorithm choice; future work should therefore prioritize open benchmarks, external validation, and causal modeling, while privacy-aware data governance, uncertainty estimation, and interpretability remain underdeveloped prioritie...

Andres Gregori, Ivan Reyes-Pedroza, A. Y. Barrera-Animas et al. · 0 citations
#small language model Open access Sep 2026

Perceived usefulness and intention to use large language model-generated feedback across three educational levels: a user-centred study in programming

These findings characterise the correlates of perceived usefulness and intention to use within each feedback layer, supporting human-centred designs that preserve student judgement and instructor oversight.

Pedro C. Mendonça, Filipe Quintal, Mário A. T. Figueiredo et al. · 0 citations
#small language model Open access Sep 2026

A Small–Large Model Collaborative Framework for Safety-Constrained and Interpretable Rail Replacement Decision-Making in Heavy-Haul Railways

With the increasing transportation load of heavy-haul railways, rail damages continuously accumulate and exhibit significant spatial heterogeneity. Conventional rail replacement strategies based on fixed cycles, expert experience, or simple threshold rules often fail to balance safety and economy, leading to both over-...

Le Ma, Zhichun Yan, Jianyou Li et al. · 0 citations
#small language model Review Open access Sep 2026

Soluble ST2 dynamic changes predict the cardiorenal protective efficacy of arni in patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: a meta-analysis

Background: Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) accounts for approximately 50% of HF cases, predominantly affecting older adults with comorbidities such as hypertension, diabetes, and obesity. Despite the breakthrough provided by angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibitors (ARNI), approximately 30%...

Yong Il Ho, Zhi-Quan Wang, Jong-Suk Mun et al. · 0 citations
#small language model Meta-analysis Open access Sep 2026

Efficacy and safety of maternal RSV vaccination against infant lower respiratory tract infections: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Maternal RSVpreF vaccination confers substantial, generalisable protection against infant RSV disease, with randomised and real-world evidence in close agreement, supporting its continued programmatic use alongside ongoing post-marketing surveillance.

Gokce Naz Kucukbas Ozonder, A. Yavuz · 0 citations
#small language model Review Open access Sep 2026

Cognitive and existential-motivational pathways from empathy to prosocial behavior: a parallel mediation study in a Chinese university sample

Objective This study examined a parallel mediation model in which empathy was hypothesized to be associated with prosocial behavior through two theoretically distinct pathways: a capability-oriented pathway via self-efficacy and an existential-motivational pathway via meaning in life, among Chinese university students....

Wei-Kuan Si, Pan-Jia Chen, Jie Cao et al. · 0 citations
#small language model Open access Sep 2026

An LLM-assisted optimization algorithm for energy-efficient flexible job shop scheduling problem with unreliable machines and AGVs

With technological advancements, the influence of small-batch flexible production models in manufacturing continues to grow, making the flexible job shop scheduling problem a key approach to addressing these industry challenges. Simultaneously, the impact of random machine failures and limited buffers cannot be underes...

Zhiyuan Zeng, Zhiyang Jia, Zongyang Wu · 0 citations
#small language model Open access Sep 2026

The economics of accuracy for medical reasoning with large language models

A general framework with equations to balance cost-benefit trade-offs when engineering LLM-based systems for medical reasoning and QA is formulated and generalizable configurations, designs, and patterns are recommended to achieve accuracy and efficiency objectives.

Kiran Bhattacharyya, S. Kamabattula · 0 citations

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