Aug 2026· Food Chemistry· Vol 526, pp.
150705
· 0 citations· 42 references
Medicine
Abstract
This study investigated the presence and origins of toluene in spices and their extracts. A headspace gas chromatography-mass spectrometry method quantified six benzene series compounds, with limits of detection of 0.10 mg/kg, limits of quantification of 0.30 mg/kg, and recoveries of 72.2-109.4% (RSD <10%). Toluene was the major contaminant in multiple spice extracts, reaching up to 109.53 mg/kg. Traceability analysis indicated contamination primarily from thermal processing, with a small proportion from raw materials. Specifically, extraction temperatures exceeding 90 °C triggered a sharp increase in toluene levels in ginger and black pepper essential oils. Controlled heating experiments with pure standards confirmed that α-pinene undergoes thermal conversion to toluene at elevated temperatures. Finally, vacuum treatment removed over 99.50% of residual toluene from the essential oils and was proven highly effective. These findings provide critical mechanistic insights and practical mitigation strategies for quality control in the botanical extract industry.
Smokeless tobacco (snuff) is consumed in different forms and may contain chemically diverse constituents that vary with source, processing and additives. This preliminary study characterised the phytochemical profile of an aqueous extract of a commercially available snuff sample obtained from Mile 3 Market, Port Harcou...
Tryphaena Ojei Kuhuodu, Joseph Ime Obot, Sonny Clement Okoseimiema· Chemical Science Internation...· 0 citations
This study presents, for the first time, a quantitative S-HS-SPME-GC-MS approach for long-term monitoring of VOC emissions from Tasmanian-manufactured glued-laminated timber, produced using Eucalyptus nitens and Picea abies, enabling temporal emission profiling of 18 target VOCs. Key SPME extraction, chromatographic se...
H. Perera, Leo Lebanov, Estrella Sanz Rodriguez et al.· Journal of Chromatography A· 0 citations
Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) constitute a class of widespread environmental contaminants that pose significant health risks. Therefore, this study investigated the distribution, risks and sources of PBDEs in dusts from power generation plants in Nigeria. A total of 24 dust samples were collected from four pow...
J. N. Tesi, I. Agbozu, O. Edjere et al.· FUDMA Journal of Sciences· 0 citations
Polybrominated biphenyls (PBBs) are legacy brominated flame retardants formerly utilized in plastics, electronics, and textiles. Currently, the simultaneous determination of mono- to deca-brominated PBBs in complex industrial matrices remains challenging due to wide bromination range and matrix interference. In this st...
Jia-Hui Ding, Ru-Yue Zhang, Zhi-Yuan Xu et al.· Journal of Chromatography A· 0 citations
Oxygenated intermediate-volatility organic compounds (OIVOCs) represent an important but poorly constrained class of secondary organic aerosol (SOA) precursors due to analytical challenges in their molecular-level characterization. In this study, we conducted a systematic comparison of a non-polar gas chromatography co...
