Analysis of the Readiness of Accounting Standards to Address the Development of Digital Assets and Tokenization in the Blockchain-Based Economy

Abstract

The rapid growth of blockchain technology has accelerated the emergence of digital assets and tokenization, creating significant challenges for existing accounting standards. This study aims to analyze the readiness of current accounting standards in addressing the development of digital assets and tokenization within the blockchain-based economy. A qualitative library research approach was employed by reviewing books, peer-reviewed journal articles, accounting standards, regulatory documents, and other relevant scientific publications. The collected literature was analyzed using content analysis to identify patterns, conceptual gaps, and emerging issues related to the recognition, measurement, classification, disclosure, and reporting of blockchain-based digital assets. The findings indicate that current accounting standards provide limited guidance for cryptocurrencies and remain insufficient to accommodate more complex blockchain innovations, including tokenized assets, decentralized finance, non-fungible tokens, and smart contract transactions. Significant inconsistencies persist across accounting practices due to the absence of comprehensive standards that reflect the economic substance of digital assets. This study concludes that existing accounting standards demonstrate moderate readiness and require substantial refinement to improve transparency, comparability, and reliability of financial reporting. The study contributes to the growing literature by providing recommendations for future accounting standard development that aligns with technological innovation and the evolving blockchain-based economy.