Enhanced Resilience and Cost Optimization in Peer-to-Peer Energy Trading with Smart Pricing and MILP-Based Optimization for Multi-Microgrid Systems
Abstract
The transition toward decentralized energy systems has led to the development of Peer-to-Peer (P2P) energy sharing schemes, allowing prosumers to exchange surplus energy within regional networks. This paper presents an optimized energy transaction framework that improves system resilience while facilitating cost-effective energy exchange through a two-stage adaptive P2P pricing mechanism The principal objective is to develop an internal pricing structure that combines market-based initial price formation with real-time electric vehicle-aware price adjustment to support equitable energy trades, reduce dependence on centralized utilities, and enhance economic efficiency. The suggested methodology uses a mathematical optimization model that integrates supply-demand dynamics and pricing strategies. A Mixed-Integer Linear Programming (MILP) method is employed to optimize energy distribution among prosumers, while considering network limitations and variations in renewable energy. Simulation data derived from actual energy profiles are used to validate the framework across various market scenarios. Numerical results show that the P2P energy trading mechanism enhances system resilience by decreasing peak demand by 20% and reducing prosumer costs by an average of 15%. The proposed pricing strategy guarantees equitable energy distribution, reduces transaction costs, and encourages active customer engagement. The findings demonstrate that decentralized energy markets can advance sustainability while also providing modern power systems with economic advantages.