Integrating Geogebra and Liveworksheets in Developing PMRI-Based Interactive Worksheets: a 4D Model Study on Linear Equations

Abstract

To address persistent shortcomings in students’ conceptual understanding, this development study designed and validated interactive digital worksheets grounded in the Indonesian Realistic Mathematics Education approach (PMRI) and integrating GeoGebra and Liveworksheets for eighth‑grade instruction on linear equation. Employing the 4D model (Define–Design–Develop–Disseminate), data were collected through expert validation sheets, student response questionnaires in small‑ and large‑group trials, and interviews; quantitative data were analyzed descriptively (percentages) and complemented by qualitative analysis. The worksheets received ratings of 93.71% from material and language experts, 85.49% from media experts, and 98% from practitioner experts, while student practicality ratings averaged 88.93% (small group) and 91.88% (large group), yielding an overall mean of 91.56%. These findings indicate that the PMRI‑based interactive digital worksheets are valid and practical for classroom use on linear  equations in grade 8 and are ready for dissemination; future studies should examine their effectiveness for improving learning outcomes using comparative or experimental designs.