The variables influencing the quality of life of older adults with severe dementia in long-term care facilities.

Objective

This study aimed to examine the clinical factors affecting the quality of life (QoL) of older adults with severe dementia in long-term care facilities.

Methods

This was a cross-sectional study. Eligible participants were aged ≥ 65 years and at a severe stage of dementia. The dependent variable (QoL) was assessed using the Chinese version of the Quality of Life in Late-Stage Dementia Scale (QUALID-C). The independent variables included demographic data, behavioural symptoms, depression, cognitive function, self-care function, physical activity level and activity involvement.

Results

A total of 81 participants (female= 70, mean age = 89.41 ± 6.68) were recruited. Behavioural problems and non-sedentary time were significantly associated with overall QoL in the multiple regression model (adjusted R2= 0.346, p = 0.001). Pain level, behavioural problems, non-sedentary time, involvement in daily activities, and length of stay were significantly associated with the discomfort QoL subscale in multiple regression (adjusted R2= 0.362, p = 0.000). For the comfort scale, behavioural problems were the only significant variable in the multiple regression model (adjusted R2= 0.256, p = 0.008).

Conclusion

The results suggest that addressing behavioural problems and increasing non-sedentary time may enhance the overall QoL and alleviate discomfort in individuals with severe dementia in residential units.